Under the background of general dust control in the country, environmental protection equipment such as dust collector is popular in the market. But in what kind of operating environment to choose what kind of precipitator products? In this paper, 7 main factors and 4 auxiliary factors, such as gas amount, dust dispersion and density, dust concentration, dust specific resistance and dust temperature, are explained in detail.

The selection of precipitator should consider a variety of influencing factors and conditions. From the consideration of various influencing factors and conditions, the selection can be made from the following aspects.

1. Selection should be made according to the amount of gas treated. The amount of gas treated is the decisive factor for the size and type of dust collector. For small gas volume, it is necessary to compare which type of dust collector is economical and easy to meet the requirements of dust source point control and dust emission environmental protection.
It is sometimes difficult to predict the effect of the dust collector on the operation and environmental conditions after it enters the actual operation. Therefore, when deciding the equipment capacity, it is necessary to ensure that there is a certain margin or reserve some space for additional equipment.

2. Selection is made according to the dispersion and density of dust. The dispersion of dust has a great impact on the performance of dust collector, and the dispersion of dust is the same, but there are differences due to different operating conditions. Therefore, in the selection of dust collector, the first is to grasp the exact dispersion of dust, such as particle size more than 10μm can be selected cyclone dust; In the particle size of more than micron below, should choose electrostatic precipitator, cloth bag dust collector. The specific selection can be made according to the dispersion degree and other requirements, referring to the commonly used dust collector type and performance table for preliminary selection, and then according to other conditions and the type and performance of dust collector. The dust density also has great influence on the dust removal performance. This influence is evident in gravity, inertia and centrifugal precipitator. A common feature of all dust precipitators is that the smaller the packing density is, the more difficult it is for dust particles to separate and collect, and the more serious the secondary flying of dust is. Therefore, special measures should be taken in operation and equipment structure.

3. Select the type according to the dust concentration of the gas. For gravity, inertia force and cyclone dust collector, the greater the concentration of dust at the entrance, the higher the dust removal efficiency, but this will increase the concentration of dust at the exit, so it can not be generally considered that the dust treatment effect is good only on the basis of high dust removal efficiency. For wet precipitators such as Wenn tube precipitators and jet scrubber, the initial dust concentration should be below 10g/m3. For cloth bag dust collector, the lower the dust concentration, the better the dust removal performance. When the initial concentration is higher, the pressure loss and emission concentration can also meet the requirements of environmental protection. The initial concentration of electrostatic precipitator is below 30g/m3, and it can also be used without pre-removing dust.

Fourth, the influence of dust adhesion on the selection, the adhesion mechanism of dust and wall surface is closely related to the specific surface area and moisture content of dust. The smaller the dust particle size d, the larger the specific surface area, the more water content, and the greater the adhesion. In cyclone dust collector, the dust is adhered to the wall by centrifugal force, and there is the danger of clogging. The dust attached by the bag dust collector is easy to block the pore of the filter bag; Electrostatic precipitator is easy to make the discharge electrode and collecting pole dust.

5. Influence of dust specific resistance on selection, dust specific resistance of electrostatic precipitator should be in the range of 104-10Nω, cm. The specific resistance of dust varies greatly with the different temperature and humidity of dusty gas. For the same kind of dust, the specific resistance value is larger between 100 and 200℃. If the dusty gas is tempered with sulfur, the specific resistance is reduced. Therefore, when choosing ESP, it is necessary to master the specific resistance of dust in advance, and fully consider the selection of temperature and the adjustment of properties of dust-containing gas.

Vi. Influence of dust gas temperature on selection, dry dust collector should be carried out at the temperature above the dew point of dust gas in principle. In wet precipitators, water should be treated at low temperatures as much as possible due to evaporation and condensation after discharge into the atmosphere. The temperature at which dusty gases are treated directly or indirectly in the filter barrel dust collector should be reduced to below the heat resistant temperature of the filter cloth. The operating temperature of glass fiber filter cloth is generally below 260℃. Other press cloth is between 80 and 200℃. In the electrostatic precipitator, the service temperature can reach 400℃. The specific resistance of dust and the thermal expansion of dust collector structure should be considered to select the temperature of dust containing gas.

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